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Yoga-sūtra with Vyāsa's bhāṣya · 1.15
14 dṛṣṭānuśravikaviṣayavitṛṣṇasya vaśīkārasaṃjñā vairāgyam
Translation. The mastery-awareness (vaśīkārasaṃjñā) of a mind free from thirst for objects either seen or learned from scriptural tradition is dispassion (vairāgya).
Grammar check: 3 words pass / 0 flagged / 0 beyond the checkerPāṇini-verified
Every word's claimed grammar is re-derived with vidyut-prakriya, software implementing Pāṇini's rules. Flags are shown, never hidden; some are the text taking epic or Vedic liberties the classical rules do not generate.
Word by word
| surface | lemma | grammar |
|---|
| dṛṣṭānuśravikaviṣayavitṛṣṇasya | dṛṣṭānuśravikaviṣayavitṛṣṇa | pass |
| vaśīkārasaṃjñā | vaśīkārasaṃjñā | pass |
| vairāgyam | vairāgya | pass |
How the commentary settled it
Where the verse alone is ambiguous, the reading follows Vyāsa's commentary; the deciding lines are quoted below each decision.
Dṛṣṭa and ānuśravika denote two coordinated classes of viṣaya: perceptible or experienced objects and objects taught by scriptural tradition. They do not together qualify a single act of seeing.→ Objects seen or experienced, and objects learned from scriptural tradition
ys [1]striyo 'nnapānam aiśvaryam iti dṛṣṭaviṣaye vitṛṣṇasya svargavaidehyaprakṛtilayatvaprāptāv ānuśravikaviṣaye vitṛṣṇasya
In regard to perceptible objects—women, food and drink, sovereignty—he is without thirst; and in regard to scripturally transmitted objects—the attainment of heaven, disembodied existence, or absorption into primordial nature—he is without thirst.
The compound dṛṣṭānuśravikaviṣayavitṛṣṇasya is a genitive-singular adjective referring to an implicit neuter citta. Its first members supply the objects with respect to which that mind is vitṛṣṇa, ‘free from thirst.’→ Neuter genitive referring to citta, with a tatpuruṣa relation equivalent to ‘free from thirst regarding those objects’
ys [1]divyādivyaviṣayasaṃprayoge 'pi cittasya viṣayadoṣadarśinaḥ
Even upon contact with divine or non-divine objects, the mind sees the defects in those objects.
Vaśīkārasaṃjñā is construed as ‘mastery-awareness,’ a feminine mental state belonging to the mind, rather than as active coercive control or merely the word used as a label.→ Awareness or state of mastery, understood as the mind's non-engagement with objects
ys [1]prasaṃkhyānabalād anābhogātmikā heyopādeyaśūnyā vaśīkārasaṃjñā vairāgyam
Through the power of discriminative discernment, the mastery-awareness—consisting in non-enjoyment and empty of both rejection and appropriation—is dispassion.
Vairāgyam is nominative singular and serves as the predicate of the feminine nominative vaśīkārasaṃjñā; the differing genders do not make vairāgyam an accusative object.→ Nominative predicate in an equative definition
ys [1]anābhogātmikā heyopādeyaśūnyā vaśīkārasaṃjñā vairāgyam
The mastery-awareness, characterized by non-enjoyment and devoid of rejection and appropriation, is dispassion.
Vyāsa's commentary on this unit
1striyo 'nnapānam aiśvaryam iti dṛṣṭaviṣaye vitṛṣṇasya svargavaidehyaprakṛtilayatvaprāptāv ānuśravikaviṣaye vitṛṣṇasya divyādivyaviṣayasaṃprayoge 'pi cittasya viṣayadoṣadarśinaḥ prasaṃkhyānabalād anābhogātmikā heyopādeyaśūnyā vaśīkārasaṃjñā vairāgyam.
21.15
3tat paraṃ puruṣakhyāter guṇavaitṛṣṇyam