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Yoga-sūtra with Vyāsa's bhāṣya · 1.3
tadā draṣṭuḥ svarūpe 'vasthānam
Translation. Then there is the seer’s (draṣṭṛ) abiding in its own nature (svarūpa).
Grammar check: 4 words pass / 0 flagged / 0 beyond the checkerPāṇini-verified
Every word's claimed grammar is re-derived with vidyut-prakriya, software implementing Pāṇini's rules. Flags are shown, never hidden; some are the text taking epic or Vedic liberties the classical rules do not generate.
Word by word
| surface | lemma | grammar |
|---|
| tadā | tadā | pass |
| draṣṭuḥ | draṣṭṛ | pass |
| svarūpe | svarūpa | pass |
| avasthānam | avasthāna | pass |
How the commentary settled it
Where the verse alone is ambiguous, the reading follows Vyāsa's commentary; the deciding lines are quoted below each decision.
tadā is temporal and modifies the occurrence of avasthānam: “then/at that time.”→ Temporal: “then.” The commentary directly restates it as tadānīm.
ys [1]svarūpapratiṣṭhā tadānīṃ citi
At that time, establishment in its own form—citi.
draṣṭṛ denotes the seer as consciousness or awareness, not an ordinary external observer or judge.→ The conscious seer. The commentary associates the state with citi, though the transmitted final citi may be textually incomplete.
ys [1]svarūpapratiṣṭhā tadānīṃ citi
At that time, establishment in its own form—citi (consciousness/awareness).
draṣṭuḥ is a subjective genitive with avasthānam and supplies the possessor understood in sva-: it is the seer that abides, in the seer’s own nature.→ Subjective genitive with avasthānam, while also supplying the reflexive possessor of svarūpa. The commentary’s reformulation as svarūpapratiṣṭhā describes establishment in the entity’s own form.
ys [1]svarūpapratiṣṭhā tadānīṃ citi
At that time there is establishment in [its] own form—citi.
The locative svarūpe marks where or in what nature the seer abides; svarūpa means the seer’s intrinsic nature, not merely its outward shape.→ “In its own nature.” The commentary compresses svarūpe avasthānam into svarūpapratiṣṭhā, “establishment in one’s own form/nature.”
ys [1]svarūpapratiṣṭhā tadānīṃ citi
At that time, establishment in its own form—citi.
avasthānam is nominative singular and denotes active abiding or establishment, not an accusative object or merely an abstract condition.→ Nominative: “there is abiding/establishment.” Although the neuter form is morphologically compatible with an accusative, the verbless syntax and the commentary’s nominative reformulation svarūpapratiṣṭhā support the nominative analysis.
ys [1]svarūpapratiṣṭhā tadānīṃ citi
At that time, establishment in its own form—citi.
svarūpa is analyzed as a karmadhāraya compound, svaṃ rūpam, “one’s own form/nature.”
→ Karmadhāraya, with adjectival sva qualifying rūpa. This grammatical classification is not explicitly supplied by the commentary.
Vyāsa's commentary on this unit
1svarūpapratiṣṭhā tadānīṃ citi